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Myanmar has reported an increase in the number of
confirmed malaria cases from 120,029 in 2000 to 447,073 in 2008 and 420 808 in 2010 respectively (Fig.1). This increase in reported confirmed cases
was mainly due to increase in the case finding activities (including use of
RDT). As a result reported number of probable malaria
cases are decreasing. The percentage
of P. falciparum cases has increased from 80% in
2000 to 97% in 2008 and 92% in 2010 (as almost all RDTs
are used to detect Pf cases only). The
number of malaria admissions and malaria attributed deaths declined from
85,409 and 2752 respectively in 2000 to 43 602 and 788 respectively in 2010.
Amongst inpatient admissions, the proportion of malaria cases declined from
16% in 2000 to 5% and of all admissions in 2010. These statistics suggest that there is some
improvement in the malaria situation in the country. However, the reasons
behind these trends, such as improved diagnostic practices or the effect of increased use of ACTs (Fig2), are not
clear. Between 2008 and 2010 999 043 ITNs were delivered(Fig3).
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Click on the image to enlarge
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| Fig. 2 : Availability of LLINS / ITNs in Myanmar,
2005-2010
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Fig.3: Trends of distribution of ACTs and Malaria Deaths in Myanmar, 2005-2010
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Overall, the evidence suggests that there has been little
change in the malaria situation since 2000. The availability is very limited
and does not meet the annually needs of National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) around USD. NMCP is mainly funded by the Three Diseases fund, JICA and partly by the government itself (Fig.
4). The expenditure pattern of
funds for 2010 is not available. However, for 2009 figures, pattern is shown in Fig.5.
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Click on the image to enlarge
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| Fig.
4 : Availability of Funds by Source in Myanmar, 2001-2010
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Fig. 5 : Expenditure details by Expense type inn Myanmar, 2009
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Programme goals and targets
To reduce malaria morbidity and mortality until the
disease is no longer a public health problem in the country.
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Targets
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Baseline data in
2005
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2010
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To
reduce morbidity by 50% of the rate in 2000
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3.15 / 1000
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1.58/ 1000
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To
reduce mortality by 75%of the rate in 2000
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7.22/ 100000
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1.81/ 100000
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Control Strategy
 Malaria
control is integrated with the general health services.
Active
Case Detection in limited area. Passive Case Detection, Clinical diagnosis
and treatment.
Malaria
diagnosis is done on the basis of history and clinical diagnosis. Laboratory
services are available.
Introduction
of ACT and rapid diagnostic test for case management as case detection.
Focal
spraying on highly selective basis and in outbreaks, regular spraying only in
project areas.
Insecticide
(Permethin) treated bednets in selected areas
Issues and
challenges
Multidrug
resistant falciparum malaria.
Uncontrolled
population movement possibly leading to epidemic-prone situation or epidemics.
Lack
of resources, inter-sectoral collaboration and
trained manpower.
Laboratory
services and treatment facilities are often inadequate, particularly in the
remote areas.
Indiscriminate
use of antimalarials by private practitioners and
by the drug sellers leading to drug resistance problems.
Delay
in reporting from periphery to the central Vector-borne Disease Control
(VBDC).
Best practices and
success stories
For
improving access, malaria mobile teams reached hard-to reach border areas.
Community-based
malaria control programme has been introduced in
some selected townships.
Samples
of different types of antimalarial drugs from each
and every state/ division were collected for detection of faked anti-malarial
drugs.
Training
of malaria officials at all levels.
Partners and donors
Three
Diseases Fund
WHO
GFATM
Japan
International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
Local
NGO’s
Other Related Information:-
Country
profile – World Malaria report 2011 [PDF 481 KB]
Malaria
Situation in Myanmar, 2010 [PDF 1.1 MB]
Country profile – World Malaria report 2009
Reported
Malaria Morbidity (/1000) and Mortality Rate (/100000) in Myanmar, 2000-2008
[PDF 67 KB]
State-wise
malaria situation in Myanmar, 2008 [PDF 708 KB]
State-wise
Malaria Situation in Myanmar, 2006
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